elisa试剂盒的抉择

什么是elisa试剂盒？要购买什么样的elisa试剂盒？这个试剂盒能够符合实验的要求么？检测下来的准确度怎么样？检测的数据用来发文章会得到认可么？这是很多老师在购买elisa试剂盒前往往会考虑的问题。

想买一个检测准确，又得到认可的试剂盒，不难，请认准信帆生物的elisa试剂盒。多年的研发经验，多所高校的验证，上百篇文献的引用，不乏发表在SCI上文献的使用。我们只提供质量可靠的elisa试剂盒，操作简单，检测灵敏度高，有质量问题包退换。

elisa试剂盒的抉择  请认准信帆生物

What is ELISA? Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), also known as an enzyme immunoassay (EIA), is a biochemical technique used mainly in immunology to detect the presence of an antibody or an antigen in a sample. The ELISA has been used as a diagnostic tool in medicine and plant pathology, as well as a quality-control check in various industries,such as ELISA application in food industry. In simple terms, in ELISA, an unknown amount of antigen is affixed to a surface, and then a specific antibody is applied over the surface so that it can bind to the antigen. This antibody is linked to an enzyme, and in the final step a substance is added that the enzyme can convert to some detectable signal, most commonly a colour change in a chemical substrate.

酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA），也称为酶免疫测定法（EIA），是一种生化技术，主要用于免疫学检测样品中的抗体或抗原的存在。酶联免疫吸附试验已作为医学和植物病理学的诊断工具，并已在食品工业中应用，如酶联免疫吸附试验等。简单地说，在ELISA中，一个未知量的抗原附着在一个表面上，然后一个特定的抗体被施加在表面上，以便它可以绑定到抗原。这种抗体与酶相连，在zui后一步添加一种物质，这种酶可以转化为一些可检测到的信号，通常是化学底物的颜色变化。

elisa试剂盒的抉择  请认准信帆生物

If a protein with multiple epitopes is being detected, a sandwich assay is a good choice. It usually requires two antibodies that react with different epitopes. However, if the molecule has multiple repeating epitopes, it is possible in a sandwich assay to use the same antibody for both capture and detection. Alternatively, if there is a supply of the analyte to be detected in pure form that can absorb effectively to a microwell, then one can set up a competitive assay in which the purified analyte is immobilized and analyte in the sample competes with the immobilized analyte for binding to labeled antibody. In this case it is essential to titrate the antibody so that it is limiting, or else the assay sensitivity will be lowered.

elisa试剂盒的抉择  请认准信帆生物

Polystyrene will bind a wide variety of proteins in an increasing amount depending on their concentration in the coating solution. The specific and optimal amount needs to be determined for each protein, but some general observations have been made for antibodies. Medium to low binding plates bind typically up to 100 - 200 ng of IgG/cm² while high binding plates typically can bind up to 400 - 500 ng of IgG/cm². In addition to proteins, polystyrene plates will absorb peptides generally of 15 - 20 amino acids in length. In order to achieve strong binding, a peptide will need both hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions. Typically a drawback to adsorbing peptides directly is that they tend to have few epitopes, and if these are involved in interaction with the plastic, it will be difficult for an antibody to bind to them. One alternative is to attach the peptide to a larger protein through a spacer arm that provides some distance between the peptide and the protein, allowing the antibody to interact with the peptide.

An organism such as bacterial or viral assays that detect whole organisms can also use sandwich assays with the same antibody for both capture and detection. If the target molecule is small or consists of a single epitope, a modification of the formats described above is needed. Small molecules by themselves either do not adsorb well to a solid phase, or may be masked by the blocking protein added. However, small molecules can often be attached to larger proteins which provide a means to attach the desired epitope to a solid phase in a configuration that allows the epitope to be bound by an antibody.

Carbohydrates and heavily glycosylated proteins do not adsorb well to polystyrene by the forces described above because they have very little ability to participate in hydrophobic interactions. Membrane proteins released from cells and maintained in solution by detergents are also not adsorbed well in the presence of detergents. Covalent linkage or reduction of the detergent concentration are the best means for attaching these proteins. In fact, covalent linkage can be performed in the presence of detergents such as Tween-20 and Triton X-100.